{"id":367,"date":"2020-01-20T15:34:12","date_gmt":"2020-01-20T07:34:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dangnh.cf\/?p=367"},"modified":"2026-08-18T15:35:06","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T07:35:06","slug":"service-container-di-sanh-dieu-voi-laravel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dangnh.cf\/vi\/2020\/01\/20\/service-container-di-sanh-dieu-voi-laravel\/","title":{"rendered":"Service Container & DI “s\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7u” v\u1edbi Laravel"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hi, long time no see \ud83d\ude00<\/p>\n

Laravel l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t framework n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng PHP, 1 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn architectural concepts c\u1ee7a Laravel, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi Service Container. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u services, dependencies… th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Service Container.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 Dependency Injection th\u00ec m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 1 b\u00e0i post kh\u00e1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, t\u1ea1m hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 thay v\u00ec new m\u1ed9t object, ta s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o n\u00f3 \u1edf h\u00e0m __construct() c\u1ee7a class s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n new object, v\u00ec th\u1ebf ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n initiate object \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Okay let’s go!<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t \u0111o\u1ea1n code th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p sau:<\/p>\n

\r\nclass RedirectionController extends Core\r\n{\r\n    public function redirect(Request $request)\r\n    {\r\n        $params = $request->all();\r\n        $user = $request->user();\r\n        ...\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n
B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ea1i sao Laravel c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang<\/strong> request, user data hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/strong> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 1 input n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a? Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 1 thao t\u00e1c type hint \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7?<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
Th\u1ef1c ra ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u1eb1m \u1edf Service Container c\u1ee7a Laravel. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Service Container, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 Binding<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
Binding<\/strong> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd 1 Service v\u1edbi Service Providers. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd xong, th\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Service \u0111\u00f3 under app<\/strong>\u00a0container scope. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 Bind, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t<\/strong> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
\r\n$this->bind('HelpSpotAPI', function ($app) {\r\n    return new HelpSpotAPI($app->make('HttpClient'));\r\n});\r\n<\/pre>\n
Nh\u01b0 ta th\u1ea5y, bind() nh\u1eadn 2 parameter ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: T\u00ean class interface m\u00e0 ta mu\u1ed1n bind, quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 closure function s\u1ebd init v\u00e0 return m\u1ed9t instance c\u1ee7a class m\u00e0 ta mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1. C\u00e1ch truy xu\u1ea5t & s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng instance tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec l\u00e1t n\u1eefa m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd b\u00e0n sau.<\/p>\n
Singleton Binding<\/h3>\n
Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng singleton binding, instance tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o 1 l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t instance \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfp theo. T\u00f9y theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecdn 1 c\u00e1ch binding h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
\r\n$this->singleton('HelpSpotAPI', function ($app) {\r\n    return new HelpSpotAPI($app->make('HttpClient'));\r\n});\r\n<\/pre>\n
Binding Interface v\u1edbi Class n\u00e0o implement n\u00f3<\/h2>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Laravel. Example cho d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed ta c\u00f3 class S3Storage<\/em> implement Storage<\/em> interface, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Binding:<\/p>\n
\r\n<?php\r\nuse Illuminate\\Support\\ServiceProvider;\r\n\r\nclass StorageServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { \r\n    public function register()\r\n    {\r\n        $this->bind('StorageInterface', 'S3Storage');\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n
S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng (Automatic Injection):<\/h3>\n
Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 khai b\u00e1o v\u1edbi Service Provider, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 resolve v\u00e0 call t\u1edbi instance mong mu\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Automatic Injection<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
Quay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u00ean tr\u00ean, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 Binding, \u1edf controller n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng S3Storage<\/em> class, ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n type-hint Storage<\/em> interface l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n
\r\n<?php\r\nclass FileController extends Controller {\r\n    private $storage; \r\n\r\n    \/\/ Laravel will automatically resolve StorageInterface to the S3Storage class\r\n    public function __construct(StorageInterface $storage) \r\n    { \r\n        $this->storage = $storage;\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    public function deleteFile()\r\n    {\r\n        $this->storage->delete();\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n
Laravel container s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang class m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 binded. L\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac code s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng module ho\u00e1 h\u01a1n, n\u1ebfu thay storage class kh\u00e1c, ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u00eam 1 class m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 thay n\u00f3 cho S3Storage<\/em> \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Binding l\u00e0 xong.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i<\/h2>\n
V\u1eady l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 Service Container c\u1ee7a Laravel, m\u1ed9t concept r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y th\u1eed t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem Laravel x\u1eed l\u00fd binding\u00a0Request….\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o nh\u00e9 \ud83d\ude09
\nHave fun & Thanks for reading!<\/p>\n
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References:<\/p>\n